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Calligraphy and Illumination

Resources for those wishing to pursue the art of beautiful writing

Books in the Library on Calligraphy and Illumination

There are a lot of different guides out there for how to get started doing Calligraphy.  Some will just provide examples of the different "hands" (styles of writing), some will also go over a variety of techniques and tools available.  The list below provides descriptions and links to the guides on Calligraphy held in the University Library's collection.

There are a lot of different ways to do illumination, from creating fancy initials (the big letter at the beginning of a block of texts) to fancy borders, to page length images.  Illumination can include portraits, landscapes, fanciful animals, or abstract, geometric patterns, which are common in both some Celtic and most Islamic examples of illumination.  These books go over some basic tools and techniques of illumination, but you are not limited to the tools and materials of the the medieval illuminators, brush markers and gel pens can create illuminations every bit as beautiful as those done with gouache and gold leaf.

The books in this section are intended for those seeking inspiration for their own work, or looking to learn more about the history, and techniques of illuminators and the creation of illuminated books and manuscripts.  In Medieval Europe, the majority of literate individuals were members of the Clergy and the majority of publishing (or the hand lettering of the period) was done in Monasteries.  It is therefore probably not surprising that almost all the examples we have of medieval illuminated manuscripts are religious in one sense or another.  You will find a few different examples of illuminated work here:

  • Bibles - In this period where the bible was not published in the vernacular (the local language as opposed to Latin) ownership of a bible was rare, and they were usually owned by religious institutions or nobility, and thus highly adorned.  One of the most famous bibles is the Book of Kells (so-called because it was created at the Monastery of Kells in Ireland) and is considered one of the masterworks of early Medieval illumination.
  • Books of Hours - These books were popular among the upper classes in late medieval Europe.  Their name comes from their purpose, which is to provide the user with the proper prayer to recite during different parts of the day, and were used as both aids for devotion and meditation.  As they were made for the nobility and upper classes, they were high status items and usually richly ornamented and illuminated.